Brower Financial Group Presents: Quarterly Economic Update

A review of 1Q 2016

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THE QUARTER IN BRIEF

In investing, patience is often a virtue. For an illustration of why it matters, simply look at the opening quarter of 2016. Stocks plunged in January and fell further in early February, and a bear market seemed a possibility. Then, Wall Street turned around. The Dow staged its greatest quarterly comeback in 83 years, rising more than 7% in March alone and ending March slightly positive YTD. The S&P 500 and Nasdaq Composite each gained more than 6.5% in March. It was a quarter marked by rebounds; in stock indexes, in some key economic indicators, in oil prices, in bullish sentiment. Even terrorist attacks could not deter the bulls, and the central bank decisions of the quarter only helped them.¹

DOMESTIC ECONOMIC HEALTH

Arguably the most reassuring development of the quarter for Wall Street occurred in March, when the Federal Reserve not only refrained from raising interest rates, but also scaled back its forecast for rate hikes across the rest of the year. A revised dot-plot issued by the central bank showed a consensus forecast for two rate increases rather than the previously assumed four. The Federal Open Market Committee also lowered its median projection of where the federal funds rate would be at the end of 2016 to 0.9%.²

The Labor Department’s March employment report showed net job gains of 168,000 for January, 245,000 for February, and 215,000 for March. As labor force participation rose during Q1, the unemployment rate did tick up a tenth of a percent in March to 5.0%, and the U-6 jobless rate (counting the underemployed as well as the underemployed) also rose a tenth of a percent to 9.8%. Hourly wages were up 2.3% year-over-year in March.³

Improvement occurred in the Institute for Supply Management’s closely watched factory PMI. The ISM manufacturing index jumped 2.3 points in March to 51.8, ^4,5
its highest reading since July. ISM’s non-manufacturing PMI spent January and February well above 50, with successive readings of 53.5 and 53.4.

Household optimism wavered in early 2016. The Conference Board’s consumer confidence poll ended the quarter at 96.2, and the University of Michigan’s household sentiment index recorded a final March reading of 91.0. Those indices respectively ended 2015 at 96.3 and 92.6.^6,7

Consumer spending received no great boost in Q1 either. Commerce Department reports showed personal spending up only 0.1% in February, replicating the increase seen in both January and December. Retail purchases tailed off 0.4% in January and another 0.1% in February.^8,9

The federal government’s two major price indices again showed tolerable consumer and wholesale inflation. As of February, the headline Consumer Price Index was up just 1.0% in 12 months, though core consumer prices had risen 2.3% in that interval (they were up 0.3% in February). Both the Consumer Price Index and Producer Price Index retreated 0.2% in the year’s second month.⁹

Economists have been a bit pessimistic about Q1 GDP, given the relatively weak Q4 GDP assessment from the Bureau of Economic Analysis. In March, the BEA closed the book on Q4 growth with a final 1.4% estimate.⁹

Hard goods orders, which were up 4.2% in January, were off 2.8% in February. The same pattern was seen for industrial output, which rose 0.8% in January, but fell 0.5% a month later.⁹

GLOBAL ECONOMIC HEALTH

While the Fed was tightening, other central banks were easing. After years of battling deflation pressures and an unsuccessful 3-year asset-buying campaign, the Bank of Japan made an unprecedented monetary policy move in January and cut a benchmark interest rate below zero. Two months later, the European Central Bank ramped up its stimulus efforts: it slashed all of its key interest rates; expanded the scope of its bond buying; and announced a new round of targeted loans to banks beginning in June. Deflation was real in the eurozone, with consumer prices down 0.2% annually of March; ECB economists see only 0.1% inflation for 2016.^10,11

As Q1 ended, a look at Markit’s March manufacturing PMIs for various countries reveals some encouraging numbers. While Japan’s PMI sank to a 3-year low of 49.1, Markit's^12,13 eurozone PMI advanced to 51.6. Mexico’s factory PMI ticked up to 53.2, while Canada’s reached 51.5, indicating manufacturing growth for the first time in eight months. Indonesia’s manufacturing PMI reached 50.6, which, in its factory sector, ended 17 months of contraction. Even the PMI in beleaguered Brazil rose a point-and-a-half to 46.0. Most notable was the rebound in China: its stock market may have fallen in Q1, its factory PMIs rose. The reading on the nation’s official manufacturing PMI improved to 50.2, the first sign of sector expansion since July. The Caixin/Markit factory PMI for China nearly reached growth territory last month at 49.7. As for China’s GDP, Standard and Poor’s projects at least 6% growth for the PRC during the next three years; the nation’s newest 5-year plan has set a 6.5% GDP target.

WORLD MARKETS

Stock benchmarks in the Americas fared best in Q1. Besides small gains for our own Dow and S&P 500, the quarter also saw advances of 15.47% for the Bovespa, 3.72% for the TSX Composite, 6.76% for the IPC All-Share, and 1.44% for the Dow Jones Americas. Russia’s RTS was the only notable gainer in Europe, rising 15.74%. In the Asia Pacific region, the Asia Dow rose 0.39% for Q1; the Jakarta Composite gained 5.49%; the Kospi, 1.76%; and the Manila Composite, 4.46%. The MSCI Emerging Markets index rose 5.37%.^14,15

Aside from those gains, there ^14,15 was a plethora of quarterly losses. The Shanghai Composite fell 15.12%; the Nikkei 225, 11.95%; the Sensex, 2.97%; the ASX 200, 4.02%; the Hang Seng, 5.19%; the Europe Dow, 3.74%; the IBEX 35, 8.60%; the DAX, 7.24%; the FTSE MIB, 15.41%; the FTSE 100, 1.08%; the CAC 40, 5.43%; and the STOXX 600, 7.73%. The Global Dow gave back 0.92% in the quarter; the MSCI World index fell 0.88%.

COMMODITIES MARKETS

The first quarter of 2016 was a great quarter for gold, which jumped 16.4%. (Gold had not had a quarter like that in 20 years.) Platinum rose 9.5%; silver, 11.9%; and palladium, a mere 0.4%. Among the base metals, tin gained 16.1%; zinc, 10.9%; and copper, 2.7%. Lead fell 4.7%; aluminum, 0.8%; and nickel, 3.9%. Gold ended Q1 at $1,232.50 on the COMEX; silver, at $15.44.^16,17

Light sweet crude advanced 3.5% on the NYMEX during Q1. It was oil’s first positive quarter ^1,16 since Q2 2015. While natural gas futures dove 16.2% for Q1, heating oil futures rose 5.5% and unleaded gasoline futures, 13.8%.

The biggest commodity winners in Q1 were iron ore, up 24%, and thinly traded lumber, up 21.4%. Besides natural gas, notable first-quarter losses came for oats (14.6%), rice (16.2%), cocoa (8.1%), and cotton (7.7%). Soybeans and soybean oil, on the other hand, posted Q1 gains of 4.7% and 12.0%, respectively. The U.S. Dollar Index slipped 4.1% in its poorest quarter since Q3 2010.¹⁶

REAL ESTATE

How well did homes sell in Q1? The data currently on hand shows some significant fluctuations. Existing home sales, according to National Association of Realtors reports, were up 0.4% in January and then down 7.1% a month later. The Census Bureau, on the other hand, recorded a 2.0% February rise in new home sales after a 7.0% fall for January.⁹

The 20-city Case-Shiller home price index displayed a 5.7% annual increase in existing home values in its January edition, and the NAR reported a 3.5% boost in housing contract activity for February after a 3.0% January dip. Groundbreaking lessened 3.4% in January, then accelerated 5.2% in February according to the Census Bureau (building permits were down 0.2% in January and another 3.1% in February).^9,18

Mortgage rates declined markedly during the quarter. Comparing Freddie Mac’s December 31 and March 31 Primary Mortgage Market Surveys, we see the following chronological movements: 30-year FRM, 4.01% to 3.71%; 15-year FRM, 3.24% to 2.98%; 5/1-year ARM, 3.08% to 2.90%.^19,20

LOOKING BACK…LOOKING FORWARD

A lengthy winning streak was snapped in Q1; the Nasdaq Composite had its first down quarter since 2009. The Russell 2000 also lost ground in Q1, retreating 1.92%. The Dow and S&P finished Q1 a bit ahead of where they began the year, and two stateside indices in particular had remarkably great quarters: the Dow Jones Utility Average climbed 15.71% and the PHLX Gold/Silver index jumped 53.45%. Three indices sank more than 20% in the quarter: the Nasdaq Biotech (22.98%), the NYSE Arca Biotechnology (22.42%), and the CBOE VIX (23.39%). The DJIA ended the quarter at 17,685.09; the NASDAQ, at 4,869.85; the S&P, at 2,059.74; and the RUT, at 1,114.03.^1,14

% CHANGE Q1 CHG Q4 CHG 1-YR CHG 10-YR AVG

DJIA +1.49 +7.00 -0.51 +5.92

NASDAQ -2.75 +8.38 -0.63 +10.81

S&P 500 +0.77 +6.45 -0.39 +5.91

REAL YIELD 3/31 RATE 1 YR AGO 5 YRS AGO 10 YRS AGO

10 YR TIPS 0.16% 0.18% 0.99% 2.35%

Sources: wsj.com, bigcharts.com, treasury.gov – 3/31/16^{1,14,21,22,23}

Indices are unmanaged, do not incur fees or expenses, and cannot be invested into directly.

These returns do not include dividends.

Could the second quarter of 2016 be calmer and better than the first? Stock market performance seemed remarkably tied to the fall and rise of oil prices in Q1, and perhaps that will prove far less true in Q2. Appetite for risk appears to have returned, and investors are again focusing on market fundamentals. Nothing suggests this next earnings season will be a good one (Thomson Reuters IBIS data projects a 6.9% Q1 dip in earnings per share for S&P 500-listed companies), but employment and manufacturing indicators been encouraging and inflation is still tame. If stocks did in fact find a floor in Q1, they certainly did not leave volatility behind; some major downside risks lurk, from the ISIS terrorist threat to weak corporate profits to the possibility of the United Kingdom exiting the European Union. Still, an investor could reasonably believe that the next three months might contain more positives than negatives for the economy, and perhaps also for the markets.²⁴

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This material was prepared by MarketingPro, Inc., and does not necessarily represent the views of the presenting party, nor their affiliates. This information has been derived from sources believed to be accurate. MarketingPro, Inc. is not affiliated with any broker or brokerage firm that may be providing this information to you. This information should not be construed as investment, tax or legal advice and may not be relied on for the purpose of avoiding any Federal tax penalty. This is not a solicitation or recommendation to purchase or sell any investment or insurance product or service, and should not be relied upon as such. The Dow Jones Industrial Average is a price-weighted index of 30 actively traded blue-chip stocks. The NASDAQ Composite Index is an unmanaged, market-weighted index of all over-the-counter common stocks traded on the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System. The Standard & Poor's 500 (S&P 500) is an unmanaged group of securities considered to be representative of the stock market in general. It is not possible to invest directly in an index. NYSE Group, Inc. (NYSE:NYX) operates two securities exchanges: the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) and NYSE Arca (formerly known as the Archipelago Exchange, or ArcaEx®, and the Pacific Exchange). NYSE Group is a leading provider of securities listing, trading and market data products and services. The New York Mercantile Exchange, Inc. (NYMEX) is the world's largest physical commodity futures exchange and the preeminent trading forum for energy and precious metals, with trading conducted through two divisions – the NYMEX Division, home to the energy, platinum, and palladium markets, and the COMEX Division, on which all other metals trade. The Bovespa Index is a gross total return index weighted by traded volume & is comprised of the most liquid stocks traded on the Sao Paulo Stock Exchange. The S&P/TSX Composite Index is an index of the stock (equity) prices of the largest companies on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) as measured by market capitalization. The Mexican IPC index (Indice de Precios y Cotizaciones) is a major stock market index which tracks the performance of leading companies listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange. The Dow Jones Americas Index measures the Latin American equity markets by tracking 30 leading blue-chip companies in the region. The RTS Index (abbreviated: RTSI, Russian: Индекс РТС) is a free-float capitalization-weighted index of 50 Russian stocks traded on the Moscow Exchange. The Asia Dow measures the Asia equity markets by tracking 30 leading blue-chip companies in the region. The IDX Composite or Jakarta Composite Index is an index of all stocks that are traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The Korea Composite Stock Price Index or KOSPI is the major stock market index of South Korea, representing all common stocks traded on the Korea Exchange. The Philippine Stock Exchange PSEi Index is a capitalization-weighted index composed of stocks representative of the Industrial, Properties, Services, Holding Firms, Financial and Mining & Oil Sectors of the PSE; it was formerly named the PSE Composite. The SSE Composite Index is an index of all stocks (A and B shares) that are traded at the Shanghai Stock Exchange. Nikkei 225 (Ticker: ^N225) is a stock market index for the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE). The Nikkei average is the most watched index of Asian stocks. BSE Sensex or Bombay Stock Exchange Sensitivity Index is a value-weighted index composed of 30 stocks that started January 1, 1986. The S&P/ASX 200 index is a market-capitalization weighted and float-adjusted stock market index of Australian stocks listed on the Australian Securities Exchange from Standard & Poor’s. The Hang Seng Index is a freefloat-adjusted market capitalization-weighted stock market index that is the main indicator of the overall market performance in Hong Kong. The Europe Dow measures the European equity markets by tracking 30 leading blue-chip companies in the region. The IBEX 35 is the benchmark stock market index of the Bolsa de Madrid, Spain's principal stock exchange. The DAX 30 is a Blue Chip stock market index consisting of the 30 major German companies trading on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. The FTSE MIB (Milano Italia Borsa) is the benchmark stock market index for the Borsa Italiana, the Italian national stock exchange. The FTSE 100 Index is a share index of the 100 most highly capitalized companies listed on the London Stock Exchange. The CAC-40 Index is a narrow-based, modified capitalization-weighted index of 40 companies listed on the Paris Bourse. The Dow Jones STOXX 600 Index captures more than 90% of the aggregate market cap of European-based companies. The Global Dow (GDOW) is a 150-stock index of corporations from around the world, created by Dow Jones & Company. The MSCI World Index is a free-float weighted equity index that includes developed world markets, and does not include emerging markets. The MSCI Emerging Markets Index is a float-adjusted market capitalization index consisting of indices in more than 25 emerging economies. The US Dollar Index measures the performance of the U.S. dollar against a basket of six currencies. Additional risks are associated with international investing, such as currency fluctuations, political and economic instability and differences in accounting standards. This material represents an assessment of the market environment at a specific point in time and is not intended to be a forecast of future events, or a guarantee of future results. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. Investments will fluctuate and when redeemed may be worth more or less than when originally invested. All information is believed to be from reliable sources; however we make no representation as to its completeness or accuracy. All economic and performance data is historical and not indicative of future results. Market indices discussed are unmanaged. Investors cannot invest in unmanaged indices. The publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, accounting or other professional services. If assistance is needed, the reader is advised to engage the services of a competent professional.

Citations.

1 - cnbc.com/2016/03/31/dow-posts-biggest-quarterly-comeback-since-1933.html [3/31/16]

2 - marketwatch.com/story/federal-reserve-sees-just-two-rate-hikes-in-2016-2016-03-16 [3/16/16]

3 - forbes.com/sites/samanthasharf/2016/04/01/jobs-report-215000-jobs-added-in-march-unemployment-rate-higher-at-5/ [4/1/16]

4 - ycharts.com/indicators/purchasing_managers_index [4/3/16]

5 - tradingeconomics.com/united-states/non-manufacturing-pmi [4/3/16]

6 - bloomberg.com/quote/CONCCONF:IND [4/3/16]

7 - ycharts.com/indicators/consumer_sentiment [4/3/16]

8 - tradingeconomics.com/united-states/personal-spending [4/3/16]

9 - tradingeconomics.com/united-states/calendar [4/3/16]

10 - reuters.com/article/us-japan-economy-boj-decision-idUSKCN0V70A7 [1/29/16]

11 - marketwatch.com/story/ecb-cuts-all-key-rates-in-aggressive-easing-push-2016-03-10 [3/10/16]